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(Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 1971;10:190-197.)
© 1971 by The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.

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Applanation and Schiøtz Tonometer Standardizations for the Owl Monkey Eye with a New Technique for Measuring Episcleral Venous Pressure

JAMES L. MINIS III 1 and MONTE G. HOLLAND 1

1 Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La.

A Schiøtz Pt calibration by open manometer was performed on 18 owl monkey eyes cannulated in situ. Pt values for the owl monkey corresponded closely to those of the 1955 Friedenwald nomogram. The average ocular rigidity measured in 16 additional eyes with the use of clinical techniques was 0.0173 (± 0.0015). A manometric calibration for a 4 mm. diameter applanation face was done similarly on 21 eyes. The following standardization formula was generated:

Pressure in mm. Hg = 0.641 (tonometric scale reading) + 2.56 mm. Hg.

An attempt was made to compare the two tonometric pressure standardizations. In 16 intact eyes, Schiøtz Po pressures, corrected for ocular rigidity, averaged 0.77 ± 0.47 mm. Hg higher than corresponding applanation pressures. An improved method for measuring episcleral venous pressure, with the use of a new synthetic polyurethane pressure chamber membrane, is also reported.

Key Words: applanation tonometer standardization • intraocular pressure of owl monkey • Schiøtz tonometer standardization • episcleral venous pressure • Aotus trivirgatus

Submitted on October 6, 1970
Accepted on February 1, 1971






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