IOVS Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Vol 24, 1624-1626, Copyright © 1983 by Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

ARTICLES AND REPORTS

Human tears: osmotic characteristics

WJ Benjamin and RM Hill

Using a freezing point depression method, requiring volumes of only 200 nanoliters, the osmolalities of 324 tear samples collected at consecutive 10-minute intervals throughout 8.5-hour periods from each of six healthy young adults were measured. The population mean was found to be 318 mOsm/kg, with a population median of 315 mOsm/kg. Individual subject means ranged from 310 to 334 mOsm/kg. Short-term oscillations were observed for all subjects, with a net positive rate toward hypertonicity for the population of 1.43 mOsm/kg X hr-1 as the day progressed. Two subjects did demonstrate mild net rates of decrease, however. All eyes in the study were asymptomatic, suggesting a broader range of tear osmotic pressure among normals than previously suspected.


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A. Tomlinson, S. Khanal, K. Ramaesh, C. Diaper, and A. McFadyen
Tear film osmolarity: determination of a referent for dry eye diagnosis.
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., October 1, 2006; 47(10): 4309 - 4315.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1983 by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology