| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and 3 Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
PURPOSE. A decrease in the ability of Müller cells to remove glutamate from the extracellular space may play a critical role in the disruption of glutamate homeostasis that occurs in the diabetic retina. Because this amino acid is toxic to retinal neurons and is likely to exacerbate oxidative stress, elucidation of the mechanisms by which glutamate levels are elevated in diabetes may help in the understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. This study tested the hypothesis that the function of the glutamate transporter in Müller cells of the diabetic retina is compromised by a mechanism involving oxidation.
METHODS. Müller cells were freshly isolated from normal rats and those made diabetic by streptozotocin injection. The activity of the Müller cell glutamate transporter, which is electrogenic, was monitored by the perforated-patch configuration of the patch–clamp technique.
RESULTS. Four weeks after the onset of hyperglycemia, a significant dysfunction of the Müller cell glutamate transporter was detected. After 13 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, the activity of this transporter was decreased by 67%. Consistent with oxidation’s causing this dysfunction, exposure to a disulfide-reducing agent rapidly restored the activity of the glutamate transporter in Müller cells of diabetic retinas.
CONCLUSIONS. Early in the course of diabetic retinopathy, the function of the glutamate transporter in Müller cells is decreased by a mechanism that is likely to involve oxidation.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Kusari, S. Zhou, E. Padillo, K. G. Clarke, and D. W. Gil Effect of Memantine on Neuroretinal Function and Retinal Vascular Changes of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., November 1, 2007; 48(11): 5152 - 5159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Vincent and S. Mohr Inhibition of Caspase-1/Interleukin-1{beta} Signaling Prevents Degeneration of Retinal Capillaries in Diabetes and Galactosemia Diabetes, January 1, 2007; 56(1): 224 - 230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kurihara, Y. Ozawa, K. Shinoda, N. Nagai, M. Inoue, Y. Oike, K. Tsubota, S. Ishida, and H. Okano Neuroprotective Effects of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (AT1R) Blocker, Telmisartan, via Modulating AT1R and AT2R Signaling in Retinal Inflammation Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., December 1, 2006; 47(12): 5545 - 5552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Antonetti, A. J. Barber, S. K. Bronson, W. M. Freeman, T. W. Gardner, L. S. Jefferson, M. Kester, S. R. Kimball, J. K. Krady, K. F. LaNoue, et al. Diabetic Retinopathy: Seeing Beyond Glucose-Induced Microvascular Disease Diabetes, September 1, 2006; 55(9): 2401 - 2411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Pannicke, I. Iandiev, A. Wurm, O. Uckermann, F. vom Hagen, A. Reichenbach, P. Wiedemann, H.-P. Hammes, and A. Bringmann Diabetes Alters Osmotic Swelling Characteristics and Membrane Conductance of Glial Cells in Rat Retina Diabetes, March 1, 2006; 55(3): 633 - 639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Gerhardinger, M. B. Costa, M. C. Coulombe, I. Toth, T. Hoehn, and P. Grosu Expression of Acute-Phase Response Proteins in Retinal Muller Cells in Diabetes Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2005; 46(1): 349 - 357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Seki, T. Tanaka, H. Nawa, T. Usui, T. Fukuchi, K. Ikeda, H. Abe, and N. Takei Involvement of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Early Retinal Neuropathy of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats: Therapeutic Potential of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor for Dopaminergic Amacrine Cells Diabetes, September 1, 2004; 53(9): 2412 - 2419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Guidry, R. Feist, R. Morris, and C. W. Hardwick Changes in IGF Activities in Human Diabetic Vitreous Diabetes, September 1, 2004; 53(9): 2428 - 2435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. L. Kusner, V. P. Sarthy, and S. Mohr Nuclear Translocation of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase: A Role in High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis in Retinal Muller Cells Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2004; 45(5): 1553 - 1561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. El-Sherbeny, H. Naggar, S. Miyauchi, M. S. Ola, D. M. Maddox, P. M. Martin, V. Ganapathy, and S. B. Smith Osmoregulation of Taurine Transporter Function and Expression in Retinal Pigment Epithelial, Ganglion, and Muller Cells Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., February 1, 2004; 45(2): 694 - 701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
